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                Introducing the "BioShredder"

The BioShredder is the perfect companion for the BioRoter. composter. Pre-processing your material allows for easier handling and composting. Ask us about integrating these two technologies.

BioRoters' newest install

BioRoter installed at a medical marihuana facility in Ontario.

Economical Manure, Plant Waste and Mortality Management.

The BioRoter in-vessel composter is an excellent solution for many

operations; Hog producers, poultry farms, dairy/feedlots, seed processors, mm producers. The BioRoter can compost any organic material in a very short time saving money while reducing bio-security risks.

The compost can be used as a soil amendment/natural fertilizer or as bedding material. The bedding material has superior absorption

properties when mixed with straw or shavings compared to straw or shavings alone and is low dust. (See the youtube video below)

Ever BioRoter is built to suit the individuals needs and are expandable to meet future needs.

The BioRoter is proudly built in St.Adolphe, Manitoba.

Our mandate is to provide economical and sound waste management solution to our customers and in turn help

the environment.

BioRoter News

COMPOST “BLACK GOLD”

Compost Benefits

Using compost as mulch, in the soil or as potting media is beneficial in many ways.

Compost contains a full spectrum of essential plant nutrients. You can test the nutrient levels in your compost and soil to find out what other supplements it may need for specific plants.

• Compost contains macro and micronutrients often absent in synthetic fertilizers.
• Compost releases nutrients slowly—over months or years, unlike synthetic fertilizers
• Compost enriched soil retains fertilizers better. Less fertilizer runs off to pollute waterways.
• Compost buffers the soil, neutralizing both acid & alkaline soils, bringing pH levels to the optimum range for nutrient availability to plants.

Compost helps bind clusters of soil particles, called aggregates, which provide good soil structure. Such soil is full of tiny air channels & pores that hold air, moisture and nutrients.

• Compost helps sandy soil retain water and nutrients.
• Compost loosens tightly bound particles in clay or silt soil so roots can spread, water drain & air penetrate.
• Compost alters soil structure, making it less likely to erode, and prevents soil spattering on plants—spreading disease.
• Compost can hold nutrients tight enough to prevent them from washing out, but loosely enough so plants can take them up as needed.
• Compost makes any soil easier to work.

Compost brings and feeds diverse life in the soil. These bacteria, fungi, insects, worms and more support healthy plant growth.

• Compost bacteria break down organics into plant available nutrients. Some bacteria convert nitrogen from the air into a plant available nutrient.
• Compost enriched soil have lots of beneficial insects, worms and other organisms that burrow through soil keeping it well aerated.
• Compost may suppress diseases and harmful pests that could overrun poor, lifeless soil.

Healthy soil is an important factor in protecting our waters. Compost increases soil’s ability to retain water & decreases runoff. Runoff pollutes water by carrying soil, fertilizers and pesticides to nearby streams.

• Compost encourages healthy root systems, which decrease runoff
• Compost can reduce or eliminate use of synthetic fertilizers
• Compost can reduce chemical pesticides since it contains beneficial microorganisms that may protect plants from diseases and pests.
• Only a 5% increase in organic material quadruples soils water holding capacity.

use of compost

Compost is ready for use when the temperature in the pile drops to the temperature of the surrounding air. Other signs are:

• It smells earthy—not sour, putrid or like ammonia
• It no longer heats up after turned or watered
• It looks like dark soil
• It’s crumbly, and doesn’t have identifiable food items, leaves or grass.

The pH is usually around 7.5, and it will have a C:N ratio ranging from 10:1 to 20:1.

Planting in compost before it is finished could damage plants. Undecayed carbon materialsas wood chips or leaves uses nitrogen from the soil to continue decomposing, robbing it from the plants you grow. Undecayed nitrogen materials can harbor pests and diseases. Immature compost can introduce weed seeds and root-damaging organic acids.

Compost can be used in many ways in the garden. Coarse, semi-decayed woody material is suitable as mulch to put on top of the soil around the plants. It can be used as mulch around trees and shrubs, to keep the moisture in, to prevent weeds from growing around trees and shrubs. The decayed material is good for digging into the soil together with commercial fertilizers at preparation time.

It can be used for installing new lawns. A fine-screened layer can be used for a top dressing on established lawns. It can be used in the planting areas of landscapes. It should be used extensively in vegetable gardens to improve the organic matter content in the soil. It can be used for houseplants, for starting seeds in planting beds or flats, or made into a compost teafor watering plants.

Compost is also useful for erosion control. Erosion often is the end result of low soil fertility. Compost and the humus it contains can actually bind to the soil, building a good structure than encourages optimum fertility and erosion resistance. Studies have shown that a layer of compost works much better along newly planted hillsides beside highways than straw that was traditionally used.

An exciting new use for compost is bioremediation. Many things can contaminate surface waters, soils and reservoirs. Using compost can often restore these. The microorganisms in compost can sequester or break down contaminants in water or soil. Contaminates are digested, metabolized and transformed into humus and inert byproducts such as carbon dioxide, water and salts. Compost bioremediation is effective in degrading or altering chlorinated and nonclorinated hydrocarbons, wood preserving chemicals, solvents, heavy metals, pesticides, petroleum products and explosives.

quality of composts

The nutrient value of composts varies widely, depending upon the nature of feedstock composted. If initial material contains grass clippings, weeds, or manure, it will be richer in nitrogen and other nutrients than if it contains mainly straw, litter, dirt or corn stalks.
The following analysis shows the ranges of values, on a dry basis, in which the chemical characteristics of most finished composts generally lie. These ranges vary because different initial materials will yield final composts of widely varying chemical characteristics.

Substance	Percentage  by weight
Organic matter...............................	25.0-50.0
Carbon...............................	8.0-50.0
Nitrogen (as N)...............................	0.4- 3.5
Phosphorus (as P2O5).......................	0.3- 3.5
Potassium (as K2O)...........................	0.5- 1.8
Calcium (as CaO)...............................	1.5- 7.0

Composts also contain a great variety of micronutrients. Since organic materials for composting contain products of agriculture or horticulture, it is logical to expect these nutrients to be present in the compost. Experiments indicate that compost manures have beneficial effects greater than those to be expected from nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, and humus content alone.
Quality compost also contains many organisms necessary for soil health. Depending on feedstock, weather and type of process used, each batch will have different organisms. This composted organic matter, when applied to the soils provides a necessary source of energy and food for the soil organisms, as well as essential nutrients for plant growth.
Think of the soil not only as a physical and chemical substrate, but as a living entity. When making quality compost you can manage the soil organisms as a high value “mini-livestock.”

testing and judging condition of compost

Composters want to ensure the compost they make is adequate for their purposes.
There are many tests and checks by which various aspects of the composting process and the condition of compost may be judged. From the point of view of the overall operation and the final product there are three groups of tests:

a.      test of the sanitary quality of the operation and of the finish product, i.e., pathogen and parasite destruction and absence of flies and odors;

b.     test of fertilizer or agricultural or horticultural value, i.e., the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, and other nutrients, nutrient conservation, the C:N ratio, and compost value ;

c.      assessment of the biological activity of the compost, how many and what types of soil dwelling animals and microorganisms it contains; and

d.     economic test, i.e., whether the total cost of producing the compost is less than its value as fertilizer plus the cost of disposal by other means, such as incineration or land fill.

Health organizations and laboratories can make tests for organisms of public health significance when necessary. Chemical tests for nitrogen in its different forms, phosphorus, potash and the organic character of the material can be made by standard techniques and are useful in analyzing the finished product and to determine the effect of different composting procedures. For routine day-to-day operations, temperature, appearance of material, odors, and the presence of flies are important tests. Cleanliness and the absence of flies at the site, as well as the absence of large numbers of larvae in the piles, are criteria of sanitary quality of the compost operation. Temperature is the best single indicator of the progress of aerobic composting and also the basis for determining whether pathogen, parasites, and weed seeds are being destroyed.

Laboratory analyses for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash are more precise and require more elaborate equipment, but are relatively simple chemical determinations to make. If compost is modified by adding ammonium sulfate, phosphates, or other nutrients for special fertilizer purposes, percentages of these nutrients on a dry basis must be determined, so that users can compare them with other fertilizers. Determining the C:N ratio, which is so important in regard to nitrogen conservation and for estimating the quality of the finished compost, is more of a problem, because the quantitative analyses of carbon is difficult, time consuming, and expensive.

There are laboratories that specialize in “counting” living organisms in compost (fungi, bacteria, protozoa…). While it is difficult to get precise measurements, trends can be discovered, such as determining whether there is fungal or bacterial dominance in the finished compost.

The gardener, small farmer and other small compost operator usually will not be concerned with detailed tests other than those to confirm that the material is safe from a health standpoint. This will be judged from its temperature, and its satisfactory appearance as a soil additive.

The temperature of compost can be checked by:

a.      digging in the pile and feeling the temperature of the material;

b.     feeling the temperature of a rod after insertion into the material; or

c.      using a thermometer.

Digging into the pile will give an approximate idea of the temperature. The material should feel very hot to the hand and be too high to permit holding the hand in the pile for very long. Steam should emerge from the pile when opened. A metal or wooden rod inserted 2 feet into the pile for a period of 5-10 minutes for metal and 10-15 minutes for wood should be quite hot to the touch, in fact, too hot to hold. These temperature-testing techniques are satisfactory for the smaller compost operations. Long stem metal thermometers are available for temperature testing.

Compost may be considered finished when it can be stored in large piles indefinitely without becoming anaerobic or generating appreciable heat. It can be safely spread because of its low C:N ratio or the poor availability of its carbon. The material, however, is still slowly active and will "ripen" somewhat in the large stacks. At this time it should be grayish-black or brownish-black in color, depending on what color of materials were used. However, color alone is not a good criterion of finished compost because the appearance of rich soil humus develops in a good compost long before the temperature decline signals the decrease in microbial activity.

Characteristic changes in odor during the period of composting help define stable compost. The material should be odorless, or have a slightly earthy odor or the musty odor of molds and fungi, similar to the forest floor. Also, look for compost critters, redworms, centipedes, sowbugs, fungi—these can identify compost as healthy and living. They are indicators of an abundance of organisms, some of which can keep disease and pests in check

Compost is sometimes called “black gold,” and has long been considered a gardener’s best friend. It improves the textures of any type of soil; sandy, clay loose or hard. Soils can both hold more water and drain more efficiently when compost is added. Compost, and the beneficial soil life it includes such as bacteria, fungi, redworms and dung beetles replenish the soil to make it a healthy, productive environment for plants to grow and thrive.

economic aspects

Farmers and experienced gardeners realize that yields and the maintenance of soil fertility depend upon reclamation of organic materials. Soil scientists and soil ecologists study the interaction of soil microorganisms and their effects on the soil food web and soil management. Plants depend on organic matter in soil for their nutrient supply and protection against disease. In fact, soil microbiologist Mary Ann Bruns explains the extreme importance of these organisms: “If all humans were eliminated from the planet, it would still be a livable place—there would be plenty of oxygen and water. But if the microscopic organisms were eliminated, we would die because they’re totally responsible for purifying our water and for maintaining the correct mixture of gases in the air for us to breathe. And if we didn’t have microorganisms, we would be buried in our waste because we rely on them to decompose it.”
Composting organic matter to make them safe for use on agricultural lands and gardens is economically sound, and a way to cut down on the volume of waste materials at the landfills or incinerators. Keeping the organic matter out of the solid waste stream holds down the cost for the community in disposal cost.
Compost contains valuable nutrients that could replace and/or supplement use of commercial fertilizers by homeowners. Use of chemical fertilizers can be cut down to a minimum. Excessive usage of commercial fertilizers by homeowners can contaminate surface and groundwater with nitrates. Excess nitrates in ground and surface water can lead to human health hazards.
Municipalities that collect or stockpile organic matter, and are responsible for sanitary disposal, are often not directly concerned with their utilization in agriculture/horticulture. Municipalities are primarily interested in the sanitary disposal of the materials. In Whatcom County, the “clean green” yard waste that homeowners’ deposit at the site is contracted to go to a facility where it is safely composted. Other places send such organic wastes to landfills.
Salvaging urban organics for agricultural use offers an opportunity for closer cooperation between urban and rural elements in improving the total economy of an area. It has been demonstrated many times in various areas of the world that developments in one segment of a community can benefit another and be profitable for both. For example, in Snohomish County, there is a dairy farm that accepts yard trimmings and horse manure and composts, selling quality composts back to the community.
Economic reclamation of municipal organic wastes depend upon low cost production which permits distribution of large quantities of composted organic materials at a sufficiently low price to make its use attractive to agriculture and horticulture operations.
Many commercial compost plant operators have found a profitable market among truck gardeners, nurseries and landscaping operation. There is a need for good humus in our fast growing community. Many new homes and commercially buildings have topsoil brought in, which is usually stripped, from good agricultural land. The humus from composting organic wastes could be used as a substitute for or blended with topsoil now used by landscape contractors and homeowners.

BioRoter makes Compost as Horse Stall Bedding